Opinion | Forcing women to drink at business dinners has no place in modern China

Why the Tradition of Forced Drinking Must End

In recent years, the corporate landscape in China has changed dramatically. International partnerships, a booming tech sector, and a growing emphasis on gender diversity have reshaped how companies operate. Yet, a lingering custom—pressuring female employees to join heavy drinking sessions during business dinners—remains a stubborn relic of the past. This practice not only undermines the professional aspirations of women but also contradicts the principles of a modern, inclusive workplace.

The Cultural Roots of the Ritual

Drinking in China has long been intertwined with business etiquette. Toasts are seen as a sign of trust, camaraderie, and commitment. In many traditional settings, a shared bottle of baijiu or a round of hard liquor signals the sealing of a deal or the solidification of relationships. Historically, these gatherings were male‑dominated, reflecting a broader patriarchal structure where women were rarely part of senior decision‑making circles.

As more women break into leadership roles, the expectation that they must conform to the same drinking customs persists, often framed as a test of loyalty or a rite of passage. The pressure can be subtle—colleagues offering drinks repeatedly, or a senior manager implying that participation is essential for career advancement. For many women, refusing can feel risky, potentially being labeled as uncooperative or lacking team spirit.

Health, Safety, and Professional Concerns

• Physical health risks: Heavy alcohol consumption can lead to both short‑term injuries and long‑term health issues, especially for individuals who may be more sensitive to alcohol.
• Safety concerns: Intoxication impairs judgment, increasing the likelihood of harassment, unwanted advances, or situations where consent becomes ambiguous.
• Career impact: Women who decline to drink may be unfairly judged, while those who comply risk health problems and the perception that their achievements are tied to social rituals rather than competence.

Legal and Policy Perspectives

China’s labor laws and anti‑discrimination statutes do not explicitly address forced drinking, but broader provisions—such as the prohibition of gender‑based discrimination and the duty of employers to provide a safe working environment—can be invoked. Companies that ignore these obligations risk reputational damage, especially as global partners and investors increasingly scrutinize ESG (environmental, social, governance) metrics.

Steps Toward a More Inclusive Culture

Addressing the issue requires coordinated action from both employers and employees:

• Clear policies: Organizations should draft explicit guidelines stating that participation in alcohol‑centric activities is voluntary and that non‑participation will not affect performance evaluations.
• Alternative refreshments: Offer a variety of beverages—including non‑alcoholic options—and encourage toasts with them. Normalising a non‑alcoholic toast reduces the pressure on anyone to drink.
• Leadership commitment: Senior executives must model inclusive behavior, openly refusing drinks when appropriate and praising colleagues who respect individual choices.
• Training and awareness: Conduct workshops on gender sensitivity and workplace harassment to help all staff understand the impact of forced drinking.
• Feedback mechanisms: Provide confidential channels for employees to report uncomfortable situations without fear of retaliation.

The Business Case for Change

Companies that champion a respectful, health‑conscious environment benefit from higher employee satisfaction, lower turnover, and a stronger attraction of top talent—especially among women who value equitable treatment. Moreover, an inclusive culture fosters better decision‑making, as diverse perspectives are more likely to be heard when meetings are not clouded by alcohol‑induced dynamics.

Conclusion

The expectation that women should drink alongside their male counterparts at business dinners is an outdated practice that clashes with the aspirations of a modern, globalized China. By implementing clear policies, promoting alternative celebrations, and fostering an environment where personal choice is respected, businesses can create a more equitable workplace. The shift will not only protect the health and dignity of female employees but also reinforce China’s reputation as a forward‑thinking economic power.